NEET UG Anatomy of Flowering Plants Mock Test – Free Online Test with Score

Q1. What is the correct sequence of tissue layers from the periphery to the center in a several-year-old dicot stem that has undergone significant secondary growth?

A Epidermis -> Cortex -> Phelloderm -> Vascular cambium -> Secondary phloem -> Secondary xylem -> Pith
B Bark (Phellem, Phellogen, Phelloderm, Secondary phloem) -> Vascular cambium -> Secondary xylem -> Primary xylem -> Pith
C Periderm (Phellem, Phellogen, Phelloderm) -> Secondary cortex -> Primary phloem -> Secondary phloem -> Vascular cambium -> Secondary xylem -> Primary xylem -> Pith
D Periderm (Phellem, Phellogen, Phelloderm) -> Cortex -> Primary phloem (crushed) -> Secondary phloem -> Vascular cambium -> Secondary xylem -> Primary xylem -> Pith

Q2. In a dicot stem, the interfascicular cambium originates from:

A Cells of the pericycle.
B Cells of the medullary rays.
C Cells of the primary phloem.
D Cells of the primary xylem.

Q3. A transverse section of a stem reveals the vascular bundles are scattered and each is surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath. There is no distinct demarcation between cortex and pith, but a prominent sclerenchymatous hypodermis is present. This anatomical organization is indicative of a plant adapted to:

A Arid environment with high water stress.
B Temperate forest with moderate rainfall.
C Grassland biome, likely a monocot.
D Aquatic environment with abundant water.

Q4. Which of the following features is common to both dicot stem and dicot root?

A Presence of a vascular cambium that can undergo secondary growth
B Conjoint, collateral vascular bundles
C Exarch primary xylem
D Presence of a pith

Q5. A bundle sheath is typically found surrounding the vascular bundles in:

A Dicot leaves (palisade parenchyma)
B Monocot stems
C Monocot roots
D Dicot roots

Q6. Which of the following is NOT a component of a complex tissue?

A Companion cell
B Tracheid
C Sclereid
D Vessel element

Q7. The Casparian strip is made of which substance and functions by:

A Pectin and cellulose; enhancing apoplastic nutrient uptake.
B Suberin and lignin; blocking apoplastic water flow.
C Suberin and lignin; preventing symplastic water flow.
D Lignin and cutin; allowing selective ion entry.

Q8. Guttation, the exudation of xylem sap from leaf margins, typically occurs in herbaceous plants under conditions of high humidity and low transpiration. This phenomenon is primarily facilitated by:

A The rupture of epidermal cells due to excessive turgor pressure.
B Specialized pores called hydathodes, connected to xylem elements.
C The activity of phloem loading and unloading.
D Stomata that remain open continuously.

Q9. A student observes a plant root cross-section under a microscope. Key features noted are: a large, distinct pith; radial arrangement of xylem and phloem bundles; and a polyarch xylem condition (more than six xylem bundles). This description most accurately fits:

A Dicot root
B Monocot stem
C Monocot root
D Dicot stem

Q10. Monocot plants generally do not undergo secondary growth. The primary reason for this anatomical limitation is:

A Presence of closed vascular bundles with no capacity for meristematic activity.
B Absence of a root cap.
C Lack of a distinct epidermis.
D Absence of a vascular cambium.

Q11. Increase in the length of a plant organ is primarily due to the activity of:

A Lateral meristem
B Both B and C
C Intercalary meristem
D Apical meristem

Q12. A young dicot stem exhibits rapid increase in girth. Which meristematic activity is primarily responsible for this phenomenon?

A Vascular cambium
B Apical meristem
C Cork cambium
D Intercalary meristem

Q13. Which of the following anatomical adaptations is most crucial for a xerophytic plant to conserve water in arid environments?

A Absence of secondary growth to minimize water demand.
B Thick cuticle, sunken stomata, and succulence (water storage in fleshy stems/leaves).
C Well-developed aerenchyma for buoyancy.
D Presence of large, thin leaves with numerous stomata on both surfaces.

Q14. The primary function of sapwood in a mature tree trunk is:

A To actively conduct water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves.
B To provide the main structural support and rigidity to the tree.
C To store food reserves and metabolic waste products.
D To protect the inner tissues from pest attacks and microbial decay.

Q15. Medullary rays in a dicot stem are vital for radial transport. These rays are primarily composed of:

A Collenchyma cells for flexibility.
B Meristematic cells that contribute to secondary growth.
C Parenchymatous cells facilitating radial conduction of water and food.
D Sclerenchyma cells for mechanical support.

Q16. The bark of a tree refers to all tissues external to the vascular cambium. Which of the following sequences correctly represents the tissues found in the bark, from the outermost to the innermost layer, in a tree with extensive secondary growth?

A Epidermis -> Cortex -> Endodermis -> Pericycle.
B Secondary xylem -> Vascular cambium -> Secondary phloem.
C Phelloderm -> Phellogen -> Phellem -> Secondary phloem.
D Phellem -> Phellogen -> Phelloderm -> Secondary phloem.

Q17. Aerenchyma is a specialized type of parenchyma tissue found in some plants. Its primary function is:

A To facilitate gas exchange and provide buoyancy in aquatic plants.
B To provide mechanical support to stems.
C To conduct water and minerals throughout the plant.
D To store food materials such as starch.

Q18. Which of the following structural features allows vessels to be more efficient in water transport than tracheids, particularly in angiosperms?

A Vessels are dead at maturity, while tracheids are living cells.
B Vessels have lignified walls, while tracheids do not.
C Vessels form a continuous pipe-like system due to perforated end walls, while tracheids have intact end walls with pits.
D Vessels have a smaller diameter, allowing for greater capillary action.

Q19. A botanist discovers a new plant species with a stem anatomy showing a scattered arrangement of vascular bundles, a prominent sclerenchymatous hypodermis, and the absence of a distinct pith. This plant is most likely a:

A Dicot herb
B Monocot herb
C Gymnosperm shrub
D Dicot tree

Q20. During secondary growth in a dicot stem, the activity of the vascular cambium is generally greater on the inner side than on the outer side. This differential activity leads to:

A Development of a thicker cortex layer and a thinner pith.
B An increase in the number of vascular bundles but not their size.
C Production of more secondary xylem than secondary phloem.
D Formation of more secondary phloem than secondary xylem.

Anatomy of Flowering Plants — Mock Test

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