Control and Coordination is the process by which living organisms respond to stimuli and maintain body balance.
In Animals:
- Nervous system (brain, spinal cord, nerves) controls quick actions.
- Endocrine system (hormones) controls slow, long-lasting changes.
- Neurons carry messages as electrical signals.
- Example: Moving hand away from hot object (reflex action).
In Plants:
- Use hormones (phytohormones) to respond to light, gravity, touch, etc.
- Example: Plant bends towards light due to auxin (phototropism).
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Questions on Control and Coordination
Showing 31–60 of 25631.A person consumes a meal rich in carbohydrates. Describe the hormonal response and its effect on blood glucose levels. 32.In a reflex arc, if the sensory neuron is damaged, how would this affect the reflex action? 33.Plants do not have a nervous system like animals. How do they achieve coordination and respond to environmental stimuli effectively? 34.During a sudden emergency, a person experiences a rapid increase in heart rate, dilated pupils, and increased sweating. Which endocrine gland is primarily responsible for these physiological changes? 35.Why is a synapse considered a critical point for the integration and modulation of nerve signals? 36.What is the primary difference in function between the cerebrum and the medulla oblongata? 37.Farmers often spray ripening fruit with a gaseous hormone to accelerate the process. Identify this hormone and explain its role. 38.Describe the negative feedback mechanism involved in the regulation of blood glucose levels. 39.How does the structure of a neuron facilitate the rapid transmission of nerve impulses over long distances? 40.A child is observed to have stunted growth and mental retardation. A deficiency of which hormone during early development could be responsible for these symptoms? 41.Why is it essential for seeds to have a period of dormancy before germination, and which plant hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining this dormancy? 42.A person suffers a stroke that causes paralysis on the right side of their body. Which hemisphere of the brain was most likely affected? 43.Differentiate between tropic and nastic movements in plants, providing an example for each. 44.Assertion (A): Adrenaline is known as the "fight or flight" hormone. Reason (R): It prepares the body for extreme physical exertion in situations of stress or danger by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and diverting blood to skeletal muscles. 45.Damage to which part of the human brain would most directly impair a person's ability to maintain balance and coordinate precise muscle movements, such as walking a straight line or catching a ball? 46.If a potted plant is placed horizontally for several days, the shoot grows upwards and the roots grow downwards. What type of tropism is primarily responsible for this observation? 47.A patient exhibits symptoms like increased blood glucose levels, frequent urination, and excessive thirst. Which hormone is likely deficient or ineffective in this patient? 48.A gardener wants to promote root formation in plant cuttings. Which plant hormone would be most suitable to apply? 49.Explain why the response of an endocrine system is generally slower but more widespread and prolonged compared to the nervous system. 50.A person accidentally touches a hot plate and immediately withdraws their hand. What is the correct sequence of components involved in this reflex action? 51.Which of the following is an example of an involuntary action controlled by the medulla? 52.A nerve impulse is essentially a flow of: 53.The control and coordination in plants is mainly achieved by: 54.Which of the following is not a plant hormone? 55.What is the role of an olfactoreceptor? 56.The part of the human brain that deals with emotions, learning, and memory is primarily the: 57.The hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females is: 58.What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid? 59.Which of the following is a non-directional movement? 60.The endocrine gland located near the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones is the: