Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
NCERT Class 10th
Science SOLUTIONS

Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped in it?
When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate (CuSO₄) solution, a chemical reaction takes place. Iron is more reactive than copper, so it displaces copper from the copper sulphate solution. As a result, the blue colour of the solution slowly fades and a reddish-brown layer of copper is deposited on the iron nail.
Chemical equation:
Fe (solid) + CuSO₄ (aqueous) → FeSO₄ (aqueous) + Cu (solid)
Explanation:
- Copper sulphate solution is blue because of copper ions (Cu²⁺).
- Iron replaces copper in the solution and forms iron sulphate (FeSO₄), which is greenish in colour.
- The copper that gets displaced is deposited on the nail.
Chemical Reactions and EquationsMore Questions on Chemical Reactions and Equations
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
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What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
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Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity.
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Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write equations for these reactions
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What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?
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What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Tick the correct answer. (a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced. (b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced. (c) No reaction takes place. (d) Iron salt and water are produced
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Fe₂O₃ + 2Al → Al₂O₃ + 2Fe The above reaction is an example of a (a) combination reaction. (b) double displacement reaction. (c) decomposition reaction. (d) displacement reaction.
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Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions. (i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s) (ii) CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)
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A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for whitewashing. (i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula. (ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water.
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Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions. (i) Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride. (ii) Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in water) to produce sodium chloride solution and water
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Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions. (i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride (ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride (iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
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A solution of substance ‘X’ is used for white washing. What is the substance ‘X’? State the chemical reaction of ‘X’ with water.
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Hydrogen being a highly inflammable gas and oxygen being a supporter of combustion, yet water which is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen is used to extinguish fire. Why?
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1 g of copper powder was taken in a China dish and heated. What change takes place on heating? When hydrogen gas is passed over this heated substance, a visible change is seen in it. Give the chemical equations of reactions, the name and the colour of the products formed in each case.
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A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
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