What type of mixtures are separated by the technique of crystallisation?
The technique of crystallization is used to separate solid solutes from their solutions, especially when the solute is more soluble in a hot solvent and less soluble when the solution cools down.
Types of Mixtures Separated by Crystallization:
- Solid-liquid mixtures: Crystallization is used to separate a solid solute (like salt, sugar, or copper sulfate) dissolved in a liquid solvent (like water).
- Impure solids: If a solid is dissolved in a solvent, crystallization can help separate the pure form of the solid by cooling the solution and allowing pure crystals to form, leaving impurities behind in the liquid.
Example:
- Separation of salt from sea water: The solution is heated, and the salt crystallizes as the water evaporates, leaving behind pure salt crystals.
- Purification of sugar: Sugar dissolved in water can be crystallized to remove impurities.
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